When the FreeBSD system as a server when its work does not depend on any graphical interface, the interface can be done using only characters in almost all server-side tasks. However, greater flexibility in graphical interface, you can open multiple windows at the same time, the implementation of some characters can not complete the task of the interface (such as graphics), to make the system easier to use FreeBSD, etc., the processing power of a graphical interface is intended to FreeBSD system used as an essential capacity of personal workstation platform.
FreeBSD support through the X Window System graphical interface, X Window is a set of standards developed by the MIT graphical interface, its current version is X11R6.3. With MS Windows or Macintosh graphical interface different, X Window is a platform independent interface to the basic graphics function calls, it does not include specific hardware and specific display style, the X Window highly configurable, there are a variety display style. If the graphical interface into the display involving application management capabilities, graphical interface for graphics and display low-level hardware interface of three parts, then the X Window is a set of mid-tier and low-level graphics protocol.
But the MIT X Window release the source code does not include low-level code, that is, the specific display hardware on the system implementation, in order for X Window to the specific hardware in the computer up and running, also need to develop the appropriate driver. In addition to developing a variety of proprietary vendors to provide true hardware drivers available X Window System, another has a variety of hardware drivers and are free to use the X Window system for XFree86. It is a lot of volunteer organizations, the use of X Window display the source code for a variety of hardware development for the free use of the X server, makes the X Window system to the specific operating system in a real hardware running. FreeBSD and other free operating systems use some Xfree86 system as the graphics system.
Installation and setup X server
FreeBSD using XFree86 as a basic X Xindow system, but also a professional manufacturer for the production of X server FreeBSD system, such as Xi Graphics Inc., the company developed commercial X servers usually support more and newer display hardware, and can support all the new hardware kinds of features. As for the volunteers XFree86 development, hardware manufacturers can not be displayed technical support and technical information, so support for new hardware to be worse. In general, if not used too new display hardware, XFree86 graphics system that can meet the needs of the establishment. So here describes set up and use XFree86 systems.
X Free86 hardware requirements
Current latest version of XFree86 to XFree86 3.3.3, support for multiple types of graphics card. But the graphical interface than the text interface requires more system resources, especially memory. Usually running the FreeBSD X Window system, at least 8MB RAM and 8MB of swap space should be there to run other X applications. To achieve higher performance, however, should have better hardware conditions, such as with hardware acceleration of graphics card.
Display card: XFree86 support multiple graphics cards from ordinary VGA graphics card to a dedicated graphics card. Use of personal computers in general are a certain kind of VGA-compatible graphics card, which meet the minimum requirements for XFree86. However, if the XFree86 support for the specific type of graphics card, you can use 256 colors or higher true color, the greater the resolution of the display mode to run the X Window System, otherwise, they can use the standard 16-color VGA mode. And the use of hardware graphics accelerator card features will significantly improve the graphical interface of the display speed.
Monitor: As the Unix users and developers are used to professional workstations, so they designed the graphical interface is designed for the big screen. Use a small display X Window, find the button too often, the border is too rough, etc., so the monitor should be able to reach a resolution of 1024x768 or higher to play better under a variety of X Window interface style advantage.
Keyboard: frequently used Unix workstation keyboard with PC keyboard layout not the same, but the average user is more used to PC-style keyboard. XFree86 can remap the keyboard, default keyboard mapping for the PC-style keyboard, but more familiar with the workstation user can redefine the keyboard on the keyboard arrangement.
Mouse: MS Windows using a 2 button mouse, the X Window are more accustomed to using 3 button mouse, keyboard and mouse for only 2 target computer, XFree86 can provide a simulation of the third key operational functions. Do not use the same style, for example, the use of double points in the Windows95 "double click" to perform the procedure, the X, you can usually just a single point, since the use of X Window users are usually long-term use of computer experts who believe that double point of operation makes for tense state of an ongoing double-finger operation will cause damage.
Before installing XFree86, first of all need to know whether the computer's video card supported by XFree86, XFree86 supports a large number of common graphics hardware, but because X server driver not the hardware manufacturers to develop, then a hardware appears to be from XFree86 to support takes a time, many hardware manufacturers for the protection of commercial confidentiality considerations, there is no public details of their hardware, which on the development of drivers for their hardware provided additional obstacles. Installed XFree86, you can view the document directory README files (FreeBSD under the file path / usr/X11R6/lib/X11/doc/README), to view the Xfree86 support the type of video card chips.
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